Gaza Fishing Industry in Danger

18 April 2007 - the latest OCHA report looks at the economic, social and environmental impact of Israeli restrictions on the fishing industry. Key observations include:

• There is a need for an immediate increase in the fishing range beyond the current 6 nautical miles;
• If fishing range restrictions continue, future fishing stocks will be threatened;
• The fishing industry faces long term decline: It generated over $10 million in revenue pre-Intifada; today it brings in less than half this amount.
• Fishermen and those dependent on the industry for their livelihoods are moving from self reliance to dependence on food aid and job creation schemes.

• April is peak season for many migrating fish in the Mediterranean.
• Without an easing of fishing restrictions, Gazans will lose up to 70% of their annual catch.

Implementation of the Agreement on Movement and Acess (AMA)

"In one of many reports and accounts of economic life in the Gaza Strip that I have recently read, I was struck by a description of an old man standing on the beach in Gaza throwing his oranges into the sea. The description leapt out at me because it was this very same scene I myself witnessed some 21 years ago during my very first visit to the territory. It was the summer of 1985 and I was taken on a tour of Gaza by a friend named Alya. As we drove along Gaza's coastal road I saw an elderly Palestinian man standing at the shoreline with some boxes of oranges next to him. I was puzzled by this and asked Alya to stop the car. One by one, the elderly Palestinian took an orange and threw it into the water. His was not an action of playfulness but of pain and regret. His movements were slow and labored as if the weight of each orange was more than he could bear. I asked my friend why he was doing this and she explained that he was prevented from exporting his oranges to Israel and rather than watch them rot in his orchards, the old man chose to cast them into the sea. I have never forgotten this scene and the impact it had on me." by Sara Roy, Senior Research Scholar at the Centre for Middle Eastern Studies at Harvard.

Are Gazans still throwing their oranges into the sea?

In the period going from 21 March to 03 April 2007, the UN report on the implementation of the Agreement on Movement and Acess (AMA)* notes that: no commercial goods went through Rafah (the crossing point for exports to Egypt); Karni, the primary crossing point for commercial goods into and out of Gaza, was open for imports and exports on all schedules working days, although actual opering hours varied between 3 hours and 8,5 hours (i.e. 43% of schedules operating hours) and the number of trucks importing goods into Gaza exceeded that of exporting goods (p6). There were no operations at Seaport and Airport - still closed.

*concerned with the movement of Palestinians and with the traffic of commercial goods into and out of Gaza.

Gaza Strip after the Disengagement

I remember some Palestinians felt the Gaza disengagement plan was a good thing. It is true that prior to the disengagement, internal movement was almost impossible within the Gaza Strip. In Al Mawasi, for instance, in the south of the Strip, 5,000 people, mostly fishers, farmers and their families, were not allowed to move, stuck between the settlement and the sea with no access to fishing and no markets for goods. The area was controlled by a check point through which access was almost impossible.

What has changed since for the Gazans...This is from B'tselem website:

"In September 2005, Israel completed the " Gaza disengagement plan" that had been approved by the government and the Knesset. The two primary components of the plan were dismantling of the Gaza settlements and moving the settlers to Israeli territory, and removal of all IDF forces from the area. After the plan was completed, Israel issued an order declaring the end of the military government in the Gaza Strip, and claimed that it was no longer responsible for ensuring the proper functioning of life there. However, Israel continued to control the air and sea space, movement between the Gaza Strip and the West Bank (also via neighboring countries), the population registry, family unification, and the crossing of goods to and from Gaza . Also, residents of the Gaza Strip rely solely on Israel for its supply of fuel, electricity, and gas. Until 28 June 2006, an independent electric-power station operated in the Gaza Strip, producing about one-half of the electricity needed by the residents in the Strip. The station relied completely on fuel and gas from Israel. On 28 June, Israel bombed the electric-power station. Since then, residents of the Gaza Strip have relied completely on Israel for their electricity.

The army's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip and dismantlement of the settlements resulted in appreciable improvement in the freedom of movement of Palestinians within the Strip, and much land was made available to the Palestinian Authority. Also, the Palestinian Authority was given control over the Rafah crossing, through which residents of the Gaza Strip holding Palestinian identity cards are free to cross to and from Egypt , provided the crossing is open, without Israel 's approval. However, Israel retained the power to compel the Palestinian Authority to close the Rafah crossing. Israel exercised this power following the abduction of Cpl. Gilad Shalit, on 26 June 2006.

Other than the improvement and benefit mentioned above, the disengagement did not lead to any improvement in the living conditions of the area's residents, and Israel continues to violate their rights by its various acts and omissions.

Israel 's frequent closing of the crossings between the Gaza Strip and the West Bank severely infringed the right of Gazans to work and to adequate living conditions. They also made it harder for Gazan exporters to compete and develop their businesses, and led to a significant drop in the availability of basic goods and medicines and to a sharp increase in their prices. Israel 's decision to drastically curtail the number of Gazans allowed to work in Israel left many families without a source of livelihood. As a result, forty percent of the work force in Gaza is unemployed. Israel froze, following the establishment of the Hamas government, the transfer to the PA of tax moneys it collected for it. This action prevents the payment of salaries to public employees and aggravates the already bad economic condition. Eighty percent of the residents of the Gaza Strip live under the poverty line.

The right to family life in the Gaza Strip, too, has not improved since disengagement. Families that are split, with some members, spouses included, living in the Gaza Strip and others in the West Bank, have suffered from prolonged separation as a result of Israel's absolute prohibition on Palestinian's traveling from the one area to the other, and the sweeping restrictions on crossing via Egypt and Jordan. In addition, the Knesset enacted a statute prohibiting family unification of Palestinians from the Occupied Territories with Israeli citizens and residents, and Israel does not allow its citizens and residents who are married to Gazans to enter the Strip to visit their families. "

The article continues..